Nyob rau hauv lub siab -stakes ntiaj teb no ntawm precision metrology, lub granite nto phaj yog lub ntsiag to tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm zoo. Nws ua haujlwm raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb- qhov "zero" taw tes los ntawm tag nrho lwm yam kev ntsuas tau muab los. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv chav kuaj tsheb, chav kuaj aerospace calibration, los yog chav tsev semiconductor, qhov tseeb ntawm txhua qhov kev nyeem ntawv micrometer, txhua txoj kev CMM sojntsuam, thiab txhua qhov kev sojntsuam kho qhov muag tso siab rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb no.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua qhov granite yog tsim sib npaug. Rau cov thawj coj zoo thiab cov kws tshaj lij, xaiv cov phaj saum npoo zoo yuav tsum taug qab cov toj roob hauv pes nyuaj ntawm cov qib geological, precision kam rau ua, thiab ib puag ncig. Cov lus qhia no tshawb nrhiav yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov zoo granite nto phaj rau koj lub chaw kuaj ntsuas ntsuas thiab qhia txog cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tswj hwm nws qhov tseeb ntau xyoo ntawm kev siv.
Lub Geology ntawm Precision: Vim li cas "Dub Granite"?
Thaum peb hais txog siab -precision granite nto phaj, peb tsis tshua tham txog speckled grey granite pom nyob rau hauv chav ua noj countertops. Hauv kev lag luam metrology, tus qauv kub yog ib hom pob zeb igneous hu ua diabase lossis basalt, feem ntau hu ua "Black Granite" lossis "Jinan Green" (ib siab - pob zeb zoo quarried hauv Suav teb).
Lub superiority ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm geological. Tsim ntau lab xyoo, lub pob zeb no dhau los ua kev laus laus uas tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntuj no yog ib yam khoom siv hluavtaws tawm tsam kom rov ua dua. Lub pob zeb yog tsim los ntawm cov nplej zoo-feem ntau pyroxene, plagioclase, thiab olivine- uas tso cai rau nws mus rau ntawm daim iav- zoo li tiav.
Rau lub chaw kuaj ntsuas ntsuas, lub cev lub cev ntawm lub pob zeb no tsis yog - sib tham.
Tsawg Thermal Expansion: Granite nthuav thiab cog lus me ntsis nrog kev hloov pauv kub. Nws cov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion yog kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov hlau thiab qis dua aluminium. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias ib feem ntsuas ntawm 20℃yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tib yam li ib feem ntsuas ntawm 22 degree, txo qis thermal yuam kev.
Rigidity thiab Hardness: Nrog rau Mohs hardness ntawm kwv yees li 6 mus rau 7, granite yog nyuaj dua li cov hlau feem ntau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum ib qho hlau raug rub hla saum npoo, granite yuav tsis khawb lossis burr. Yog tias lub cuab yeej poob lawm, lub pob zeb yuav nti ntau dua li deform, khaws cia lub tiaj tus ntawm ib puag ncig.
Damping: Granite muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm kev co damping -kwv yees li 2.5 npaug ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg sib piv kho qhov muag thiab CMMs, qhov twg cov kev co hauv pem teb sab nraud tuaj yeem pom qhov muag tsis pom kev nyeem ntawv.
Kev txiav txim siab qib: Kev xaiv rau Metrology
Xaiv lub phaj saum npoo tsis yog "ib qho me me haum rau txhua qhov" txheej txheem. Thawj qhov kev txiav txim siab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev. Hauv kev lag luam, daim hlau feem ntau muab faib ua plaub qib: AA (los yog Qib 00), A (lossis Qib 0), B (los yog Qib 1), thiab Khw (lossis Qib 2).
Rau qhov chaw kuaj ntsuas ntsuas, koj yuav tsum tsuas yog saib ntawm Qib 00 lossis Qib 0 daim phiaj.
Qib 00 (Lab Qib): Qhov no yog qhov siab tshaj plaws muaj. Cov phaj no yog siv los ua tus qauv siv tswv yim. Lawv feem ntau khaws cia rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias -ib puag ncig tswj thiab tsuas yog siv los ntsuas lwm cov twj paj nruag lossis tshuaj xyuas ultra- siab- cov khoom muaj tseeb (xws li lub lens optical lossis aerospace turbine blades). Lub flatness kam rau ua rau Qib 00 phaj yog nruj kawg nkaus -feem ntau ntsuas nyob rau hauv microns nyob rau tag nrho cov saum npoo.
Qib 0 (Kev Tshawb Fawb Qib): Qhov no yog lub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm chav kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kuaj xyuas siab - kam rau ua machined qhov chaw, teeb tsa CMMs, thiab ntsuas cov cuab yeej tes. Txawm tias me ntsis nruj nyob rau hauv kam rau siab tshaj Qib 00, nws muaj exceptional raug rau 95% ntawm precision manufacturing xav tau.
Qib 1 & 2 (Toolroom/Shop Grade): Cov no feem ntau tsis haum rau lub chaw kuaj ntsuas ntsuas. Lawv yog tsim los rau layout ua hauj lwm, kos tawm qhov chaw, los yog dav siv lub tshuab khw teeb qhov twg tolerances yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv txhiab ntawm ib nti es millionths.
Thaum xaiv koj lub phaj, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov loj me. Cov phaj loj dua muaj ntau yam tab sis hnyav dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau deflection yog tias tsis txhawb kom raug. Rau cov phaj loj (tshaj 1000mm), xyuas kom cov chaw tsim khoom muab lub zog txhawb nqa ncej lossis sawv ntsug tsim los tiv thaiv pob zeb los ntawm sagging hauv qab nws qhov hnyav.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: Tshaj li pob zeb
Thaum muas lub granite nto phaj, lub pob zeb nws tus kheej tsuas yog ib feem ntawm qhov sib npaug. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab kev sib tw ua tiav yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntev -.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Precision Lapping
Lub flatness ntawm granite phaj yog tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua lapping. Qhov no suav nrog rub lub pob zeb tawm tsam lwm qhov chaw (los yog lub tshuab) nrog rau cov slurry abrasive nyob nruab nrab. High-cov tuam txhab tsim khoom zoo siv qhov "dynamic them nyiaj" algorithm thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw tsis yog tiaj tus, tab sis tsis muaj "zais" lossis "crowning." Nug koj tus neeg muag khoom rau daim ntawv pov thawj calibration uas qhia txog qhov flatness thoob plaws tag nrho saum npoo, tsis yog ib qho taw tes xwb.
Surface Finish thiab Texture
Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum du tab sis tsis yog "slippery." Daim iav tiav uas yog polished dhau lawm tuaj yeem ua rau galling (txias vuam) thaum zawv zawg steel ntsuas blocks hla nws. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws metrology phaj muaj micro- textures uas tso cai rau kev txav mus los ntawm kev ntsuas tsis muaj lo - txhuam txhuam.
Accessories thiab kev koom ua ke
Niaj hnub nimno metrology labs feem ntau yuav tsum tau clamp fixtures rau saum npoo. Thaum granite tsis tuaj yeem threaded zoo li hlau, manufacturers tuaj yeem nruab stainless hlau threaded inserts. Cov no raug khi rau hauv pob zeb siv siab -lub zog epoxy. Thaum xaiv lub phaj, txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau qhov chaw tiaj tiaj (rau qhov siab tshaj plaws flatness) los yog nto nrog cov ntxig (rau versatility). Nco ntsoov tias cov khoom ntxig tuaj yeem cuam tshuam me ntsis hauv qhov chaw tiaj tus, yog li rau qhov siab tshaj plaws (Qib 00), qhov chaw tiaj tiaj yog nyiam dua.
Installation: Lub Foundation ntawm Stability
Txawm tias tus nqi kim tshaj Qib 00 phaj yuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv cuav yog tias ntsia tsis raug. Lub installation theem yog qhov twg ntau lub labs ua qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb.
Support Points (Lub Airy Points)
Ib lub phaj granite yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau ntawm ib qho khoom, lub rooj tiaj tus. Ua li no ntxiab plua plav thiab huab cua, ua rau muaj kev txhawb nqa tsis sib xws thiab muaj peev xwm warping. Hloov chaw, lub phaj yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb- feem ntau peb lossis rau -paub tias Airy cov ntsiab lus. Cov ntsiab lus no yog kev ua lej suav nrog txoj haujlwm uas txo qis qhov kev nqus ntawm qhov deflection. Feem ntau cov siab- cov phaj zoo tuaj nrog kho tau theem taw lossis ib qho kev txhawb nqa tsim los ntaus cov ntsiab lus no.
Leveling
Lub phaj yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj heev kam rau ua (feem ntau 0.02mm / m). Siv lub siab - qib hluav taws xob qhov tseeb los kho cov ko taw. Leveling tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau saum npoo kab rov tav; Nws xyuas kom meej tias qhov hnyav ntawm lub pob zeb raug faib sib npaug, tiv thaiv kom ntev - lub sij hawm kev ntxhov siab tawg.
Kub Acclimatization
Granite yog ntom thiab muaj thermal mass. Thaum lub phaj txias raug coj mus rau hauv chav kuaj sov, nws yuav nthuav dav raws li nws ua kom haum. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv sijhawm 24 txog 48 teev. Tsis txhob sim ntsuas lossis tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw ntawm lub phaj uas nyuam qhuav xa lossis txav mus. Cia nws zaum hauv chav kuaj ib puag ncig tsawg kawg ob hnub kom ncav cuag qhov sib npaug ntawm thermal ua ntej koj ntsuas thawj zaug.
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Khaws Datum
Granite nto phaj yog kev nqis peev uas tuaj yeem kav 20 mus rau 30 xyoo yog tias khaws cia kom zoo. Hloov pauv, kev tsis saib xyuas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub phaj hauv ib hlis.
Ntxuav txhua hnub
Tus yeeb ncuab ntawm lub phaj nto yog abrasive plua plav. Txawm hais tias microscopic me me ntawm cov hlau los yog grit tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li cov ntawv xuab zeb thaum lub ntsuas ntsuas tau swb hla saum npoo.
So Down: Ntxuav qhov chaw ua ntej thiab tom qab siv txhua zaus. Siv cov lint-dawb daim ntaub thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav granite tshwj xeeb lossis siab - cawv.
Tsis txhob siv dej: Tsis txhob siv dej, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau xeb ntawm cov hlau uas koj tso rau ntawm lub phaj, thiab cov xeb yuav hloov mus rau pob zeb.
Tsis muaj roj: Tsis txhob roj ib lub phaj granite. Tsis zoo li cam khwb cia hlau, granite tsis yog - ntxeem tau thiab tsis xav tau roj los tiv thaiv xeb. Roj tsuas yog nyiam cov plua plav thiab tsim ib qho kev sib tsoo uas ua kom puas ntsoog.
Tiv thaiv Hnav Cov Qauv
Cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau tsim "cov leeg nqaij nco," muab qhov chaw nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub phaj dua. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov no tsim cov qauv hnav hauv ib cheeb tsam-ib "zaub mov" hauv nruab nrab- thaum cov npoo nyob tiaj tus.
Tig Kev Siv: Qhia koj cov neeg ua haujlwm kom siv tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm lub phaj. Txav cov khoom siv thiab qhov chaw mus rau ntau qhov sib txawv kom faib cov khoom sib npaug.
Nqa, Tsis txhob swb: Thaum twg ua tau, nqa qhov chaw rau ntawm lub phaj es tsis txhob zawm lawv. zawv zawg hnyav steel fixtures yog txoj kev ceev tshaj plaws kom degrade nto tiav.
Calibration thiab Recertification
Tsis muaj kev ntsuas ntsuas yuav nyob mus ib txhis. Granite daim hlau yuav tsum tau recalibration raws sij hawm kom ntseeg tau tias lawv nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv kam rau ua.
Zaus: Rau ib lub chaw kuaj mob metrology tsis khoom, kev ntsuas txhua xyoo yog tus qauv. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv tus pib-collimator lossis hluav taws xob theem los qhia qhov chaw saum npoo av.
Refinishing: Yog tias lub phaj poob tawm ntawm kev ua siab ntev, nws tsis tas yuav khawb. Qib 0 phaj feem ntau tuaj yeem rov ua dua -lapped (refinished) los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom kom rov qab mus rau Qib 00. Qhov no yog qhov pheej yig dua li kev yuav lub phaj tshiab.
Xaus
Granite nto phaj yog lub hauv paus ntawm koj qhov kev tswj xyuas zoo. Nws stability, hardness, thiab tsis kam mus rau ib puag ncig yam ua rau nws irreplaceable nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub metrology lab. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov qhab nia raug rau koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev, ua kom muaj kev txhim kho kom zoo ntawm Airy cov ntsiab lus, thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem tu thiab calibration, koj xyuas kom meej tias koj "zero" tseem muaj tseeb. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm digital sensors thiab laser scanners, lub pob zeb txo hwj chim tseem yog tus txiav txim qhov kawg ntawm qhov tseeb hauv manufacturing.